What is Kanhenda used for in traditional medicine?

Kanhenda (Clerodendrum serratum var. serratum) is used in Ayurvedic and indigenous Sri Lankan medicine primarily to address respiratory complaints, fevers, and inflammatory conditions. Various parts of the plant — roots, leaves, and stem bark — appear in classical herbal formulations. Modern research has begun examining its phytochemical constituents to understand the basis for these traditional applications.

Where can I find Clerodendrum serratum growing in Sri Lanka?

The plant grows naturally at forest edges and in secondary scrubland across Sri Lanka's wet and intermediate zones, particularly in the southwestern lowlands and lower hill country. It is also widely cultivated in home and Ayurvedic herb gardens across the island. The plant adapts readily to typical tropical garden conditions and does not require specialist soils.

What does the Kanhenda plant look like?

Kanhenda grows as a shrub or small treelet reaching roughly four metres in height. Its leaves are elliptic to obovate, thin and somewhat papery, dark green above and paler beneath. The flowers, borne in terminal clusters, are typically blue to violet-blue and tubular in form, making the plant visually distinctive when in bloom.

Is Clerodendrum serratum the same as Bharangi?

Yes — in classical Ayurvedic literature, Clerodendrum serratum is commonly identified as Bharangi, one of the ingredients in several important compound formulations used for respiratory and inflammatory disorders. The plant known by this Sanskrit name and the Sri Lankan Kanhenda refer to the same species or its close varieties.

What is the scientific classification of Kanhenda?

Kanhenda belongs to the species Clerodendrum serratum, variety serratum, within the family Lamiaceae (previously classified under Verbenaceae). It is one of many species in the large genus Clerodendrum, which spans tropical Africa and Asia and includes numerous plants with ornamental or medicinal significance.

Can Kanhenda be grown at home in Sri Lanka?

Yes, Kanhenda is commonly cultivated in Sri Lankan home gardens alongside other medicinal plants. It grows well from stem cuttings or seeds and tolerates a range of light conditions, from partial shade to open sun. It performs best in moist, well-drained tropical soils and can reach shrub size within a few growing seasons.

What regions of Sri Lanka have the richest medicinal plant diversity?

Sri Lanka's wet zone forests, particularly in the southwestern lowlands and central foothills, support the highest density of medicinal plant species. The Sinharaja Forest Reserve is recognised as a global biodiversity hotspot and shelters many endemic and medicinally significant flora. Home gardens in rural villages throughout the Kandy, Ratnapura, and Galle districts also remain important repositories of traditional medicinal plant knowledge.

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Clerodendrum serratum var. serratum

Clerodendrum serratum var. serratum is an important medicinal plant growing in the tropical and warm temperate regions like Africa, Southern Asia; Malaysia and distributed throughout in forests of India and Sri Lanka. It grows as subshrub, shrub, or small treelt. Leaf blade thin-cartaceous or submembranous, dark green above, lighter beneath, usually elliptic, occasionally elliptic-obovateor obovate to obovate-oblong or almost oblong.

Common Name In Sri Lanka: Kanhenda (????????)
Scientific Name: Clerodendrum serratum var. serratum
Habitat: Widely cultivated, sometimes runs wild
Average Height: Up to 4 meters