Question 1

What is Ipsea speciosa?

Accepted Answer

Ipsea speciosa is a terrestrial orchid endemic to Sri Lanka and parts of southern India, known for its bright golden-yellow daffodil-like flowers. It grows from an underground tuber in montane grasslands at higher elevations. It is also listed as a medicinal plant in Sri Lanka's Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia.

Question 2

Where can I find Ipsea speciosa in Sri Lanka?

Accepted Answer

The orchid is found mainly in the central highlands of Sri Lanka, particularly in patana (montane grassland) habitats above around 1,000 metres. Protected areas such as Horton Plains are among the most accessible locations where it may be observed. A local naturalist guide is recommended for locating the plant.

Question 3

When does Ipsea speciosa flower?

Accepted Answer

Flowering typically occurs between December and February, coinciding with the cooler post-monsoon period in the highlands. Outside this window the above-ground parts of the plant die back completely, making it very difficult to find.

Question 4

Is Ipsea speciosa used in Ayurvedic medicine?

Accepted Answer

Yes, it is catalogued as a medicinal plant in Sri Lanka's Ayurvedic tradition. The underground tuber is the part most commonly referenced in traditional formulations, where it is associated with tonic and restorative uses. Scientific research into its phytochemical properties is ongoing.

Question 5

Is Ipsea speciosa endangered or protected?

Accepted Answer

The species is considered threatened due to its restricted range, specialised habitat requirements, and historical collection pressure. It is legally protected in Sri Lanka, and removing or collecting the plant without proper authorisation is prohibited. Conservation of highland grassland habitats is key to its survival.

Question 6

What kind of habitat does Ipsea speciosa grow in?

Accepted Answer

It prefers open montane grasslands with well-drained, relatively nutrient-poor soils, typically at elevations above 1,000 metres. These patana grasslands in Sri Lanka's central highlands experience seasonal rainfall and cool temperatures that the orchid depends on. It does not grow in lowland or forest environments.

Question 7

How does Ipsea speciosa differ from other orchids in Sri Lanka?

Accepted Answer

Unlike many of Sri Lanka's orchids, which grow on tree trunks or branches as epiphytes, Ipsea speciosa is a ground-dwelling terrestrial orchid that grows from a tuber in the soil. Its distinctive golden-yellow flowers, which superficially resemble a daffodil, make it one of the most recognisable of Sri Lanka's native ground orchids. Sri Lanka has a rich native orchid flora spanning both lowland forests and highland grasslands.