Question 1

What is Melaleuca leucadendron used for in Sri Lanka?

Accepted Answer

In Sri Lanka's Ayurvedic tradition, Melaleuca leucadendron is primarily used for its essential oil (cajeput oil), which is applied topically to relieve muscle pain, joint stiffness, and minor skin irritations. Steam inhalation using the oil is also a traditional remedy for coughs and nasal congestion.

Question 2

What is cajeput oil and how is it made?

Accepted Answer

Cajeput oil is an essential oil distilled from the leaves and twigs of Melaleuca leucadendron. Steam distillation extracts the volatile aromatic compounds, resulting in a pale, camphor-scented oil. Its main active component is 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), which accounts for much of its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity.

Question 3

Is Melaleuca leucadendron native to Sri Lanka?

Accepted Answer

No, the species is native to Australia and parts of Southeast Asia. However, it has been naturalised in tropical Asian countries including Sri Lanka and has become firmly integrated into the local Ayurvedic medicinal plant tradition, appearing in Sri Lanka's official Ayurvedic plant catalogue.

Question 4

Can cajeput oil be used directly on skin?

Accepted Answer

Cajeput oil should not be applied undiluted to skin, as neat essential oils can cause irritation. It is typically diluted to around 1–3% in a carrier oil such as coconut oil before topical use. People with sensitivities to eucalyptus or related Myrtaceae plants should patch-test before wider application.

Question 5

What family of plants does Melaleuca leucadendron belong to?

Accepted Answer

It belongs to the family Myrtaceae, a large family of aromatic flowering plants that also includes cloves, eucalyptus, allspice, and guava. Many Myrtaceae species are valued globally for their essential oils and medicinal properties.

Question 6

How is Melaleuca leucadendron identified in the wild?

Accepted Answer

The tree is recognised by its distinctive pale, papery bark that peels in thin layers, giving it the common name 'weeping paperbark'. Its leaves are narrow and lance-shaped, and when crushed they release a strong camphor-like aroma. Small white bottlebrush-style flower spikes appear seasonally.

Question 7

Are there Ayurvedic gardens in Sri Lanka where I can learn about medicinal plants?

Accepted Answer

Yes, Sri Lanka has numerous Ayurvedic herb and spice gardens, particularly in the Kandy area, the hill country, and along the southern coast. Many offer guided tours where knowledgeable staff explain the traditional uses of plants including those in the official Ayurvedic catalogue. Some wellness resorts also maintain their own medicinal plant gardens.