Question 1

What is Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora used for?

Accepted Answer

In Ayurvedic medicine, Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora is primarily used to support liver function, manage fever, ease respiratory congestion, and stimulate digestion. Its dried rhizome is incorporated into compound formulations rather than used as a standalone remedy. Modern research has also explored its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Question 2

What is the Ayurvedic name for Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora?

Accepted Answer

The herb is known in Sanskrit as Katuka or Kutki. It belongs to the same genus as Picrorhiza kurroa, and the two species are often used interchangeably in trade. The name reflects its intensely bitter taste, which is a key indicator of its therapeutic character in Ayurvedic classification.

Question 3

Where does Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora grow naturally?

Accepted Answer

The plant grows wild in the alpine regions of the Himalayas, typically at elevations between 3,000 and 5,000 metres, across northern Pakistan, Nepal, and parts of China. It does not grow in Sri Lanka due to the country's tropical climate, so dried rhizome is imported for use in local Ayurvedic preparations.

Question 4

What active compounds are found in Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora?

Accepted Answer

The rhizome contains iridoid glycosides — primarily picroside I, picroside II, and kutkoside — which are responsible for its intense bitterness and are the focus of modern phytochemical research. These compounds are associated with hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities in laboratory studies.

Question 5

Is Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora the same as Picrorhiza kurroa?

Accepted Answer

They are distinct but closely related species within the genus Picrorhiza and share similar chemical profiles and medicinal uses. In the herbal trade, both are sold under the common name Kutki, and they are often used interchangeably in Ayurvedic formulations. However, taxonomically and botanically they are separate species.

Question 6

Is it safe to use herbal preparations containing Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora?

Accepted Answer

When used within traditional Ayurvedic formulations and under the guidance of a qualified practitioner, preparations containing this herb have a long history of use. It is not recommended for self-medication, particularly at high doses or during pregnancy. Anyone on pharmaceutical medications should seek professional advice before using it.

Question 7

Why is Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora considered endangered?

Accepted Answer

The species faces conservation pressure due to over-harvesting from wild populations in its native Himalayan habitat, driven by high demand in the herbal medicine trade. It appears on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, and sustainable sourcing from cultivated or community-managed sources is increasingly important to safeguard wild populations.